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Types of Wood Flooring: Engineered vs. Solid Hardwood

When deciding between engineered and solid hardwood, it's crucial to weigh their unique characteristics. 

Engineered hardwood, featuring a veneer of real wood over composite layers, provides versatility and durability. Its resistance to moisture and temperature fluctuations makes it suitable for various environments, though its thinner hardwood layer may limit the frequency of refinishing, affecting its overall lifespan.

On the other hand, solid hardwood embodies enduring beauty and longevity with its genuine wood construction throughout. With the ability to be sanded and refinished multiple times, solid hardwood floors can last well over 50 years when properly maintained. While it may be more susceptible to moisture and temperature changes compared to engineered hardwood, solid hardwood offers unmatched authenticity and charm.

Both engineered and solid hardwood flooring options have their distinct advantages and considerations. In this guide, we’ll help you navigate these differences and choose the perfect flooring solution to enhance your home.

Choosing the Right Hardwood Flooring

When choosing hardwood floors one of the most important things to consider is where in your home you’ll be installing them.

If you’re installing your floors in your home and ABOVE grade or ground level, you can use solid hardwood flooring. If you’re installing your new floor in the basement or BELOW grade, you’ll need to use engineered hardwood as it is more resistant to moisture. Engineered hardwood is also the best choice for installing in condos.

If your subfloor is concrete, engineered hardwood is your best choice. If you have a wooden subfloor, stick with solid hardwood.

Engineered Hardwood vs. Solid Hardwood

If you’ve been wondering, “What is engineered hardwood?” or what the difference is between the two wood flooring types, we’ll walk you through some of the differences between them. 

When choosing between engineered vs. solid hardwood flooring, one of the most important things to consider is where in your home you’ll be installing it.

If you’re installing your floors in your home and ABOVE grade or ground level, you can use solid hardwood flooring. If you’re installing your new floor in the basement or BELOW grade, you’ll need to use engineered hardwood as it is more resistant to moisture. Engineered hardwood is also the best choice for installing in condos.

If your subfloor is concrete, engineered hardwood is your best choice. If you have a wooden subfloor, stick with solid hardwood.

Solid Hardwood

Solid hardwood flooring is made from genuine wood planks, milled from a single piece of wood, offering timeless beauty, durability, and the ability to be sanded and refinished multiple times.

Solid wood flooring is generally not recommended in locations like bathrooms, kitchens or mudrooms due to the potential of standing moisture damage. It is also not recommended in basements due to the potential of damage from high relative humidity.

Engineered Wood Flooring

Engineered wood flooring combines a wear layer of real wood on top with layers of plywood, softwood stickers or high-density fibreboard. 

The wear layer is mechanically laminated to the core and finished with a top stain and top protection layers/finish. As a result, it can be used in below-, on- or above-grade locations, basements and in condominiums.

Some engineered wood floors can be sanded and refinished for a longer life span.

Solid Hardwood vs. Engineered Hardwood

Features Solid Hardwood Engineered Hardwood
Material 100% solid hardwood throughout Thin hardwood veneer bonded to a plywood core
Lifespan 50+ years 20-30 years
Installation Method Nail down Nail down, floating, or glue-down
Dimensional Stability* May warp in humid, damp conditions Good resistance to moisture due to plywood core
Sanding/Refinishing Can be sanded many times, including deep sanding One or two light sandings or until a veneer thickness of 3/32-inch
Cost Typically more expensive upfront Generally more affordable than solid hardwood
Dimensionally stable 35%-55% 35%-60%
Suitable for basements (below grade) Not Suitable
Can be sanded and refinished

Durable and long-lasting

Available in a variety of wood species

Radiant heat approved Not Suitable ✓ **refer to manufacturers install guide

*Dimension stability in lumber refers to its ability to maintain its original size and shape despite changes in moisture content or environmental conditions, minimizing warping, shrinking, or swelling. This property is crucial for ensuring the structural integrity and longevity of wood products.

Cost Overview: Engineered vs. Solid Hardwood Cost per Square Foot

There are many factors that contribute to the cost of wood flooring, such as whether it’s engineered vs. solid, wood species, quality, width  and finish. 

Engineered hardwood can cost anywhere between $4/per sq foot to over $10/sq foot for more premium waterproof varieties. 

Solid hardwood can start between $4-$5/per sq foot to over $12/per sq foot depending on the wood type and durability.

These costs are only approximations, and it’s always best to cost out your flooring project based on your lifestyle, space and needs. 

A Person kneels to install a wood floor plank.

Engineered Hardwood vs. Solid Hardwood Flooring Installation Methods

Installing solid wood flooring involves directly nailing or gluing thick planks of genuine wood onto a subfloor, which demands precise fitting and extensive preparation. Due to its thickness and sensitivity to moisture, solid wood often requires professional installation to ensure proper acclimatization and a level surface. 

In contrast, engineered wood flooring, with its multi-layer construction, offers more flexibility. It can be glued, nailed, or floated over various subfloor types, making it more DIY-friendly. However, attention to detail during installation is still crucial to ensure a durable and visually appealing finish, though it's generally considered more manageable for DIY enthusiasts.

Learn how to install the various types in the guides below.

How To Install Hardwood Flooring

Installing solid wood flooring involves directly nailing planks of genuine wood onto a subfloor, which demands precise fitting and preparation. In this video, we'll show you the complete steps to installing hardwood flooring that will last for years to come.

Types of Wood Flooring and Features

When choosing your type of wood flooring, whether engineered or solid hardwood, you should consider not only appearance but also lifestyle factors like foot traffic, pets, and children. Engineered wood flooring, with its multi-layer construction, generally offers better resistance to moisture and wear from pets, kids, and heavy foot traffic compared to solid hardwood. However, both types can withstand daily use with proper maintenance, with solid hardwood potentially lasting longer due to its ability to be refinished multiple times.

The species of wood you choose will depend largely on the style of your room and personal preference. Oak, maple and birch are common in most homes, but all wood species are suitable for everyday living. 

There are many physical textures now available that will give your room a specific look – bandsaw, wire-brushed and hand-scraped are some of the most common. There are also visual textures available (previously known as grading) that have larger knots, more mineral streaking, colour variation in the wood and richer grain structure.

Another factor to consider is the gloss level. There are many different glosses available: ultra matte (15%), low gloss (20%-35%) and high gloss (35%-50%). The gloss level you choose can change the look you are trying to achieve entirely. The number of coats of polyurethane does not have any bearing on product performance – the application is what matters.

Bamboo flooring

Maple Flooring

Maple flooring has a whitish colour with light brown grain lines that are smooth to the touch. It can help create a clean, modern look or help brighten a dark room.

Bamboo flooring

Birch Flooring

The light colour of Birch flooring helps brighten dark rooms while the light brown grain lines and knots give it a clean, modern look.

Bamboo flooring

Oak Flooring

Oak flooring is brown with dark grain lines and a pinkish tinge. It is a perfect choice for traditional-looking wood floors.

Bamboo flooring

French Oak Flooring

French Oak flooring is rich, brown with dark grain lines. It is also a perfect choice for traditional-looking wood floors.

Bamboo flooring

Bamboo Flooring

Bamboo is technically a grass, but it has roughly the same hardness as oak wood. It is a durable, eco-friendly option when it comes to wood flooring. It can range in colour from a natural light brown to a deep cherry or mocha.

Bamboo flooring

Engineered Walnut Flooring

Walnut is a strong wood and makes for attractive home flooring. It is brown in colour, but tends to lighten with age.

Wood Flooring Texture

There are different hardwood floor finishes to consider when choosing the right flooring for your space.

Hand Scraped wood flooring

Hand-scraped Wood Flooring

  • Provides depth to the floor.
  • Hides imperfections and daily traffic patterns made by pets, kids and adults.
A wire-brushed wood floor in a living room with a bench and a potted plant.

Wire-brushed Wood Flooring

  • Adds dimension to your floor while providing a slightly harder surface than that of a smooth texture. The wire-brushed process will remove some of the soft wood grains that are on all woods.
  • Hides imperfections and daily traffic patterns made by pets, kids and adults.
Smooth Wood Flooring

Smooth Wood Flooring

  • Classic and timeless look that highlights the grain structure of the species of wood.
  • A light sanding gives the top layer a soft and silky texture.
  • Still one of the most popular choices of flooring.

WIDTH OF BOARDS

Wider floorboards can create a sense of spaciousness and showcase the natural beauty of the wood grain, offering a visually striking appearance. However, they may be more prone to cupping or warping if exposed to fluctuations in humidity. 

Narrower boards look great and are generally more stable but require more installation time due to the size of the boards.

The most common width of solid flooring is 3 ¼ inches wide by ¾-inch thick. The most common width of engineered flooring would start at 5 inches. 

If your project needs 5 inches or wider, it is recommended to go with engineered wood. Narrower boards (e.g. 2 ¼ inches) are still available in many markets that see extreme humidity ranges.

Bamboo and Hickory Flooring

Wondering if bamboo or hickory flooring is right for you? 

Bamboo flooring offers eco-friendliness – bamboo is a rapidly renewable resource – along with durability comparable to hardwood. It's resistant to moisture and insects, making it suitable for various climates. 

Hickory flooring boasts exceptional hardness and durability, able to withstand heavy foot traffic and resist dents and scratches. Its varied grain patterns add character, while its natural resistance to moisture makes it suitable for kitchens and bathrooms. 

Both bamboo and hickory flooring options provide unique aesthetics, durability, and environmental benefits, making them attractive choices for eco-conscious homeowners seeking long-lasting, stylish flooring solutions.

Bamboo Wood Flooring

Bamboo flooring is an eco-friendly option, as it comes from a rapidly renewable resource. It's durable, often comparable to hardwood, resistant to moisture and insects, making it ideal for various climates. Additionally, bamboo's unique grain patterns provide a stylish aesthetic, while its easy maintenance and affordability make it a practical choice for environmentally conscious homeowners seeking sustainable and long-lasting flooring options.

Engineered Hickory Wood Flooring

Engineered hickory wood flooring combines the natural beauty of hickory with enhanced stability and versatility. Its multi-layer construction provides resistance to moisture and temperature fluctuations, making it suitable for installation in areas where solid hardwood may not thrive. 

Hickory's inherent hardness ensures durability against daily wear and tear, making it ideal for high-traffic areas. Additionally, engineered hickory flooring offers a diverse range of grain patterns and finishes, allowing homeowners to achieve a customized look.

Wood Floor Colour Options

Selecting the perfect hardwood floor colour is important if you want the look you’re trying to achieve to be consistent. Keep your room décor in mind when selecting your wood colour. Think about the colours of your paint and furniture and how much natural light comes in through windows. You can choose anything from white-washed to ultra dark or almost any shade of grey.

Wood Flooring: Cleaning & Maintenance

When it comes to the best way to clean hardwood floors, there are a few things to consider:

  • Use a pre-finished wood floor liquid cleaner to preserve the beauty of hardwood flooring for many years.
  • Wood cleaners need to be alcohol-based. No oils, waxes, vinegar or standing water.
  • Consider installing a hygrometer to control home humidity. Relative humidity should be maintained between 35% and 65%.
  • Invest in a dehumidifier or a humidifier.
  • Area rugs complement wood flooring well and add style and warmth to a room.
  • Use felt pads underneath furniture to prevent scratching.
  • Repairs can be made with touch up kits to fix small dents and scratches.

Frequently Asked Questions

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